It is suggested, also, that each of the 3 morphologically distinct categories of cells that synthesize gamma-globulin represents a response to a particular form of antigenic stimulation. Nuclear participation in the process of gamma-globulin synthesis was not detected by the technique employed.
Abstract The cellular sites of formation of gammaglobulin in lymphatic tissues of man and in a representative human lymphoid infiltrate have been studied by fluorescent antibody technique. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial.
You may feel a little sting when the needle goes in or out. This usually takes less than five minutes. You don't need any special preparations for a globulin test. If your health care provider has also ordered other blood tests, you may need to fast not eat or drink for several hours before the test.
Your health care provider will let you know if there are any special instructions to follow. There is very little risk to having a blood test. You may have slight pain or bruising at the spot where the needle was put in, but most symptoms go away quickly.
Low globulin levels can be a sign of liver or kidney disease. High levels may indicate infection, inflammatory disease or immune disorders. High globulin levels may also indicate certain types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, or malignant lymphoma.
However, abnormal results may be due to certain medications, dehydration, or other factors. To learn what your results mean, talk to your health care provider.
Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Gamma globulin may be defined as the group of proteins that migrate more slowly than the beta globulins on electrophoresis of serum at pH 8.
Antibodies and gamma globulin as found in the serum are derived from a number of tissues such as. Coronavirus Resource Center. Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy Continue. Twitter Facebook. Causes of raised immunoglobulin levels Electrophoresis will establish if these are polyclonal or monoclonal rises.
The most common rise in immunoglobulin levels is polyclonal, and due to immune system activity caused by infection or autoimmune diseases. Blood tests can be done which measure the amount of IgE antibodies which have been produced in response to specific allergens. Blood allergy tests are more expensive and less sensitive than skin prick testing, but can be useful in certain situations - for example, when there is a risk of anaphylaxis, or severe skin rashes, or when the patient needs to continue taking antihistamines.
Hundreds of different allergens can be tested for in this way. A raised globulin level may be a relatively common coincidental finding.
The work-up to establish the cause involves history, examination and further investigations to determine which of the conditions listed above may be causing the abnormality. This work-up would include:. See also the Therapeutic Immunoglobulins article.
Bird JM ; Investigating an incidental finding of a paraprotein. Aust Fam Physician. Serum globulin electrophoresis ; MedlinePlus. Boston: Butterworths Chapter For ages now I seem to get a horrible type of pain in my neck, collar bone and shoulders when drinking alcohol!
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