Infant-toddler advocates know that the COVID crisis will hit babies and their families particularly hard. This advocacy tool provides a brief, visual summary of the federal budget process using graphics. This advocacy tool helps you make sense of the terms and acronyms commonly used in the public policy and advocacy arena, so you can be an effective communicator and an effective advocate for infants ….
This advocacy tool is an overview of the Congressional committees and subcommittees addressing infant and toddler issues, including the members and leaders of those committees. Skip to main content Skip to footer. Close Search Submit. Upcoming Events. Learning Center. Search Submit. Read more about: Advocacy Federal Policy. Back to top. Tool Congressional Committees Addressing Infant and Toddler Issues This advocacy tool is an overview of the Congressional committees and subcommittees addressing infant and toddler issues, including the members and leaders of those committees.
Become a Member Ready to join? When testifying before the committee, first state your name and the organization that you represent or indicate that you are a concerned citizen and state where you live. The Members of the committee will be interested to hear what you have to say and usually do not grill individual citizens who testify in the same way that they do lobbyists.
Keep your testimony short and to the point. If the bill has a fiscal impact or a state cost, it will be heard in either the Senate or Assembly Appropriations Committee. At this point, you should inform the Members of the committee why you support or oppose the bill based on a fiscal argument. The finance committees are concerned about fiscal impact and not policy considerations. Members of the fiscal committees read these analyses before they vote.
These analyses are available on the Internet. If you believe that the numbers or the fiscal impact of the bill are not correct as reported in these analyses, you should prepare your written comments before the committee meets. Your written material should be available to pass out to the committee Members at the hearing where you present your testimony.
Third Reading is the last stage that a bill goes through in the house of origin before it passes to the second house to go through the committee process all over again.
On Third Reading, the author presents the bill for passage by the entire house. Most bills require a majority vote it must pass by 21 votes in the Senate and 41 votes in the Assembly , while urgency measures and appropriation bills require a two-thirds vote 27 in the Senate, 54 in the Assembly.
At any time during the legislative process the bill may be amended, either in committee or on the Floor. After the amendments have been submitted to the author, the bill goes to another printing to reflect the changes that have been made. The Senate or Assembly History records the dates when a bill has been amended. Amendments can be substantial or technical and may affect your position on the bill. Amendments should be followed very carefully.
Contact with the District Office can be helpful in keeping track of current versions of a bill. If you subscribe to the bill, these amendments will automatically be sent to you. If you change your position on a bill due to a favorable or unfavorable amendment, you should inform the author and your legislator. If a Senate bill is amended by the Assembly, or vice versa, and the house of origin refuses to concur in those amendments, the bill will go to a conference committee.
Votes may be taken by the electronic voting system, which registers each individual Member's response. These are referred to as recorded votes, and are available in the record of roll call votes. Votes in the House may also be by voice vote; in that instance, no record of individual responses is available. After a measure passes in the House, it goes to the Senate for consideration. This includes consideration by a Senate committee or subcommittee, similar to the path of a bill in the House.
A bill must pass both bodies in the same form before it can be presented to the President for signature into law. If the Senate changes the language of the measure, it must return to the House for concurrence or additional changes. This back-and-forth negotiation may occur on the House floor, with the House accepting or rejecting Senate amendments or complete Senate text. Often, a conference committee will be appointed with both House and Senate Members.
This group will resolve the differences in committee and report the identical measure back to both bodies for a vote. Conference committees also issue reports outlining the final version of the measure.
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