Chemistry at Home Explore chemistry education resources by topic that support distance learning. Find a chemistry community of interest and connect on a local and global level. Technical Divisions Collaborate with scientists in your field of chemistry and stay current in your area of specialization. Explore the interesting world of science with articles, videos and more. Recognizing and celebrating excellence in chemistry and celebrate your achievements.
Diversity in Chemistry Awards Find awards and scholarships advancing diversity in the chemical sciences. Funding to support the advancement of the chemical sciences through research projects. ACS-Hach Programs Learn about financial support for future and current high school chemistry teachers. Urea, also known as carbamide, is a safe, useful compound with a significant history. It is a naturally occurring molecule that is produced by protein metabolism and found abundantly in mammalian urine.
The kidneys remove urea, as well as glucose, water and salts, by filtering blood at high pressures. While glucose, water and salts are reabsorbed into the blood, urea is not. It passes out of the body as a solution in water, which you know as urine. If you have a urea cycle disorder or a genetic disease, your body cannot safely detoxify ammonia.
In a scientific breakthrough in , urea was the first natural compound to be artificially synthesized using inorganic compounds. The chemical compound urea is made by heating ammonium carbamide, a combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide, in a sealed container. The heat dehydrates the compound and forms urea, a crystal-type substance. Claire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience.
She writes about science and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's Digest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc.
TL;DR Too Long; Didn't Read Urea is the waste produced by humans, as well as many other mammals, amphibians and some fish, when the body metabolizes protein. The blood urea nitrogen BUN test is a measure of the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea. It is used as a marker of renal function. Urea labeled with carbon or carbon is used in the urea breath test, which is used to detect the presence of the bacteria Helicobacter pylori H.
The test detects the characteristic enzyme urease, produced by H. This increases the pH reduces acidity of the stomach environment around the bacteria. Similar bacteria species to H.
De-Icer Urea is a safe, non-corrosive fertilizer alternative for de-icing. The chemical is easy to use on runways and walkways as well as on landing gears and other vital parts located on the under-carriage of aircraft that must always be protected from corrosion. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible.
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Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. Skip to content. Urea Urea is a raw material used in the manufacture of many chemicals, such as various plastics, urea-formaldehyde resins and adhesives. About History French chemist Hillaire Rouelle discovered urea in Applications Agriculture More than 90 percent of world urea production is destined for use as a nitrogen-release fertilizer.
Chemical industry Urea is a raw material used in the manufacture of many important chemicals, such as: Various plastics, especially the Urea-formaldehyde resins Various adhesives, such as Urea-formaldehyde or the urea-melamine-formaldehyde used in marine plywood Potassium cyanate, another industrial feedstock Urea nitrate, an explosive Urea has the ability to trap many organic compounds in the form of clathrates. Other commercial uses A stabilizer in nitrocellulose explosive A component of animal feed, providing a relatively cheap source of nitrogen to promote growth A non-corroding alternative to rock salt for road de-icing, and the resurfacing of snowboarding half pipes and terrain parks A flavor-enhancing additive for cigarettes A main ingredient in hair removers such as Nair or Veet A browning agent in factory-produced pretzels An ingredient in some hair conditioners, facial cleansers, bath oils, skin softeners, and lotions A reactant in some ready-to-use cold compresses for first-aid use, due to the endothermic reaction it creates when mixed with water A cloud seeding agent, along with other salts A flame-proofing agent, commonly used in dry chemical fire extinguisher charges such as the urea-potassium bicarbonate mixture.
An ingredient in many tooth whitening products An ingredient in dish soap Along with ammonium phosphate, as a yeast nutrient, for fermentation of sugars into ethanol A nutrient used by plankton in ocean nourishment experiments for geoengineering purposes As an additive to extend the working temperature and open time of hide glue As a solubility-enhancing and moisture-retaining additive to dye baths for textile dyeing or printing Laboratory uses Urea in concentrations up to 10 M is a powerful protein denaturant as it disrupts the noncovalent bonds in the proteins.
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Enable or Disable Cookies. When he added silver cyanate to ammonium chloride solution he obtained a white crystalline material, which proved identical to urea obtained from urine.
This discovery was very important, as this made urea the first organic compound to be synthesised from wholly inorganic starting materials.
Wohler wrote triumphantly to Berzelius:. Ammonium cyanate is urea. This discovery dealt a severe blow to a widespread belief at the time called "vitalism". This theory maintained that living organisms, like plants and animals, were made of different materials to inanimate objects like rocks.
The belief was that living organisms possessed an unknown 'vital force' that allowed them to fabricate organic chemicals, and since inanimate objects did not possess this force, they could neither create, nor be transformed into the chemicals of life. Wohler's discovery showed that not only could organic chemicals be modified by chemistry, but that they could also be produced through chemistry as well.
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